Introduction to the World of Computers

ITEC 101: Introduction to Information Technology

Mr. Seng Theara

Learning Outcome

Explain what makes a device a computer.
Identify Input → Processing → Output → Storage → Communication in real systems.
Distinguish data from information.
Classify hardware by function.
Distinguish hardware, system software, and application software.
Recognize major computer types and justify the classification.

Introduction to the World of Computers

What actually counts as a computer?

Introduction to the World of Computers

Which of these are computers?

Laptop

Analog Clock

Smartphone

Mechanical Scale

Electronic Traffic Light Controller

Mechanical Rice Cooker

Smartwatch

Mechanical Calculator

Discover what a computer does

You unlock your phone using Face ID

What happened inside the system?

Basic Operations of a Computer System

COMMUNICATION -> sending data to another device

Face Unlock

Input →
Processing
Storage
Output
Communication

Face Unlock

Input → camera captures face
Processing →
Storage
Output
Communication

Face Unlock

Input → camera captures face
Processing → compares facial features
Storage →
Output
Communication

Face Unlock

Input → camera captures face
Processing → compares facial features
Storage → saved face model
Output →
Communication

Face Unlock

Input → camera captures face
Processing → compares facial features
Storage → saved face model
Output → phone unlocks
Communication →

Face Unlock

Input → camera captures face
Processing → compares facial features
Storage → saved face model
Output → phone unlocks
Communication → not necessarily required

Activity 1: “Break the system”

31, 29, 30, 34, 35, 36, 35

->Daily temperature °C in Phnom Penh

31, 29, 30, 34, 35, 36, 35

->Daily temperature °C in Phnom Penh

31, 29, 30, 34, 35, 36, 35

->Daily temperature °C in Phnom Penh

Calculate the Average?
Which number is the highest?

31, 29, 30, 34, 35, 36, 35

->Daily temperature °C in Phnom Penh

Average = 32.9°C
Highest = 36°C

Data or Information?

31, 29, 30, 34, 35, 36, 35

->Daily temperature °C in Phnom Penh

Average = 32.9°C
Highest = 36°C

Information

31, 29, 30, 34, 35, 36, 35

->Daily temperature °C in Phnom Penh

Average = 32.9°C
Highest = 36°C

Data

Find the data and the information related to

Student exam

Find the data and the information related to

Coffee shop

Computer Hardware

Find as many computer hardware devices as possible in this classroom

Scan QR Code here

Mentimeter Participation Rules

Be respectful and use appropriate language.
Do not submit offensive, insulting, or harassing words or comments.
Keep your answers relevant to the question.
Remember: Anonymity does not mean you can be disrespectful.

Let's keep this activity fun, respectful, and welcoming for everyone!

Devices

INPUT:

PROCESSING:

OUTPUT:

STORAGE:

COMMUNICATION:

The Five Basic Computer Operations and Their Hardware

Input Device

Used to input data into the computer
Keyboards, mice, scanners, cameras, microphones, touch pads, touch screens, fingerprint readers, etc.

The Five Basic Computer Operations and Their Hardware

Processing Devices

Perform calculations and control computer’s operation
Central processing unit (CPU) and GPU

The Five Basic Computer Operations and Their Hardware

Output Devices

Present results to the user
Monitors, printers, speakers, projectors, etc.

The Five Basic Computer Operations and Their Hardware

Storage Devices

Used to store data on or access data from storage media
Hard drives, CD/DVD discs and drives, USB flash drives, etc.

The Five Basic Computer Operations and Their Hardware

Communications Devices

Allow users to communicate with others and to electronically access remote information
Modems, network adapters, routers, etc.

Hardware vs. software

You buy a brand-new laptop. It has CPU, RAM, SSD, keyboard and screen.

But there is no operating system.

Hardware vs. software

You buy a brand-new laptop. It has CPU, RAM, SSD, keyboard and screen.

But there is no operating system.

Is it useful? Why?

Hardware vs. software

You buy a brand-new laptop. It has CPU, RAM, SSD, keyboard and screen.

But there is no operating system.

Is it useful? Why?

Hardware = physical

Software = instructions

System vs Application Software

System Software

Application Software

System vs Application Software

System Software

Application Software

Windows
macOS
Linux
Android

Chrome
Telegram
Photoshop
Microsoft Word
Games

Computer Zoo

smartphone

refrigerator

Server Rack

bank data center

Super Computer

Gaming PC

Put these from smallest to largest

Choose the computer

1. ABA Bank needs to process millions of financial transactions.

Choose the computer

1. ABA Bank needs to process millions of financial transactions.

2. Scientists need to simulate global climate patterns.

Choose the computer

1. ABA Bank needs to process millions of financial transactions.

2. Scientists need to simulate global climate patterns.

3. A washing machine automatically controls water and motor speed.

Choose the computer

1. ABA Bank needs to process millions of financial transactions.

2. Scientists need to simulate global climate patterns.

3. A washing machine automatically controls water and motor speed.

4. A student wants to write reports, browse the web and code Python.

Choose the computer

1. ABA Bank needs to process millions of financial transactions.

2. Scientists need to simulate global climate patterns.

3. A washing machine automatically controls water and motor speed.

4. A student wants to write reports, browse the web and code Python.

5. Needs a portable device for GPS navigation, communication, and photos.

Choose the computer

1. ABA Bank needs to process millions of financial transactions.

2. Scientists need to simulate global climate patterns.

3. A washing machine automatically controls water and motor speed.

4. A student wants to write reports, browse the web and code Python.

5. Needs a portable device for GPS navigation, communication, and photos.

6. Needs to make web pages available to thousands of visitors.

Choose the computer

Server

Supercomputer

Embedded

Personal Computer

1. ABA Bank needs to process millions of financial transactions.

2. Scientists need to simulate global climate patterns.

3. A washing machine automatically controls water and motor speed.

4. A student wants to write reports, browse the web and code Python.

5. Needs a portable device for GPS navigation, communication, and photos.

6. Needs to make web pages available to thousands of visitors.

Mobile Device

Mainframe

Exit Ticket

1. Give one example of INPUT → PROCESSING → OUTPUT, Storage.

2. Is Android hardware, system software, or application software?

3. What type of computer would you find inside a smart washing machine?

4. Explain one difference between data and information.

5. One thing I still don't understand is _______.